SEIZURES & EPILEPSY: MYTHS, CAUSES & FIRST AID

 

Photo by Aakash Dhage on Unsplash

Have you ever seen someone have a seizure and felt unsure about what to do? Many people misunderstand epilepsy, believing myths rather than facts. Read this article as we clear up common myths, explore the causes and triggers, and share essential first aid tips.

 

Understanding Seizures & Epilepsy

What Is a Seizure?
A seizure is a sudden surge of electrical activity in the brain, causing temporary changes in movement, behaviour, and/or awareness. Seizures vary widely with some causing convulsions, while others might simply cause brief lapses in awareness.

What Is Epilepsy?
Epilepsy is the most common chronic brain disorder affecting people of all ages. According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), a person is diagnosed with epilepsy if they have had two or more unprovoked seizures. Importantly, not every seizure indicates that a person has epilepsy as seizures can occur for a variety of reasons.

 

Debunking Common Myths

Let's clear up some common misconceptions about seizures and epilepsy:

  • Myth 1: “Seizures mean you’re possessed or crazy.”
    Fact: Seizures are a medical condition caused by brain dysfunction, not supernatural causes or personal character.
  • Myth 2: “All seizures look the same.”
    Fact: Seizures come in many forms, from convulsive episodes to brief moments of “spacing out”.
  • Myth 3: “People with epilepsy can’t lead normal lives.”
    Fact: With proper treatment, support and follow-up,     many people with epilepsy lead full, active lives.

 

Causes and Triggers of Seizures

Seizures can be caused by various factors:

  • Medical Causes:
    Brain injuries, infections, genetic conditions, or developmental disorders can trigger seizures.
  • Environmental & Lifestyle Triggers:
    Stress, lack of sleep, or even flashing lights can trigger seizures in some individuals.
  • Idiopathic Epilepsy:
    Sometimes the exact cause of epilepsy is unknown, even after thorough medical evaluation.

 

First Aid for Seizures

Here are practical steps to follow when someone is having a seizure around you:

  • Stay Calm: Keep both the person and those around you calm.
  • Ensure Safety: Gently guide the person away from any hazards (like sharp objects) and clear the area.
  • Do Not Restrain: Allow the seizure to run its course without trying to hold the person down.
  • Protect Their Head: Place something soft (e.g., a folded cloth) under their head to prevent injury.
  • Time the Seizure: Note how long the seizure lasts, as this helps medical professionals determine the next steps. If the seizure lasts more than 5 minutes, emergency medical attention is needed to prevent complications.
  • Avoid Putting Anything in Their Mouth: This can cause injury or block the airway.
  • Call for Help: If the seizure lasts longer than 5 minutes, if another seizure begins right after, or if the person is injured, call emergency services immediately.

 

Treatment and Ongoing Management

Following the seizure event, treatment and management are key. This could take the form of:

  • Medical Treatments:
    Doctors may prescribe medications to help control seizures. Regular follow-ups are essential to modify treatment as needed.
  • Lifestyle Adjustments:
    Getting enough sleep, managing stress, and avoiding known triggers can help reduce seizure frequency.
  • Support Systems:
    Family, friends, and support groups can provide emotional support and practical help for those with epilepsy.     

 

In Conclusion

Seizures and epilepsy are both complex but treatable illnesses. Understanding the facts, refuting myths, and learning the basic first aid steps will ensure that someone experiencing a seizure receives the appropriate care as soon as possible. Remember that with the correct care and a strong support network, many people with epilepsy can live active, fulfilling lives.


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